•Dr Priscilia Imade
Pinguecula (plural: pingueculae) is a non-cancerous growth or thickening of the conjunctiva, the clear tissue covering the white part of the eye (sclera).
This condition typically appears as a yellowish or whitish bump on the conjunctiva near the cornea, often occurring on the side closest to the nose.
Causes and Risk Factors
Several factors can contribute to the development of pinguecula:
UV exposure: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight, particularly in sunny or high-altitude regions.
Environmental irritants: Exposure to dust, wind, dry air, or pollutants.
Aging: The risk of pinguecula increases with age.
Occupational factors: Jobs or activities that involve significant outdoor exposure or exposure to environmental irritants.
Genetics: Family history may play a role in predisposing individuals to pinguecula.
Symptoms and Presentation
Pinguecula may present with the following signs and symptoms:
Yellowish or whitish bump: Visible on the conjunctiva near the cornea.
Irritation: Sensation of a foreign body or gritty feeling in the eye.
Redness: The affected area may appear red or inflamed.
Dryness: Reduced tear film production or increased evaporation leading to dry eye symptoms.
Blurred vision: In some cases, especially if the pinguecula grows larger or affects the cornea’s curvature.
Management and Treatment
In many cases, pinguecula does not require active treatment and may be managed through conservative measures:
Protection from UV exposure: Wearing sunglasses that block UV rays and wide-brimmed hats outdoors.
Artificial tears: Lubricating eye drops to alleviate dryness and irritation.
Avoiding irritants: Minimizing exposure to dust, wind, and pollutants.
Regular eye exams: Monitoring the condition’s progression and addressing any changes or symptoms promptly.
Surgical removal of pinguecula may be considered in rare instances where it significantly impacts vision, causes persistent discomfort, or affects the aesthetics of the eye.
*Dr Priscilia Imade is CEO, Modern Eye Clinic, Lagos. E-mail moderneyecliniclagos@gmail.com
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